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NVIC配置</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%92%9F%E6%A0%91"><span class="nav-text">4. 我的时钟树</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1"><span class="nav-text">三、读写SD卡</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96"><span class="nav-text">1. SD卡初始化</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-1-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B"><span class="nav-text">1.1 初始化流程</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-2-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">1.2 初始化函数</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-3-GPIO%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="nav-text">1.3 GPIO配置</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-4-DMA%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="nav-text">1.4 DMA配置</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#1-5-NVIC%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="nav-text">1.5 NVIC配置</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#2-%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96SD%E5%8D%A1%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81"><span class="nav-text">2. 获取SD卡状态</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#2-1-HAL%E5%BA%93%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96SD%E5%8D%A1%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81"><span class="nav-text">2.1 HAL库函数获取SD卡状态</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#2-2-%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA"><span class="nav-text">2.2 我们自己封装一个</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#3-%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BASD%E5%8D%A1%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF"><span class="nav-text">3. 显示SD卡信息</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C"><span class="nav-text">4. 数据操作</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-1-%E6%93%A6%E9%99%A4%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">4.1 擦除函数</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-2-%E5%BC%80%E5%85%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%AD%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">4.2 开关中断函数</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-3-%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%86%99%E5%85%A5%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C"><span class="nav-text">4.3 数据写入操作</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-3-1-%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="nav-text">4.3.1 查询方式</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-3-2-DMA%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="nav-text">4.3.2 DMA方式</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-4-%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E8%AF%BB%E5%8F%96%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C"><span class="nav-text">4.4 数据读取操作</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-4-1-%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="nav-text">4.4.1 查询方式</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-4"><a class="nav-link" href="#4-4-2-DMA%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="nav-text">4.4.2 DMA方式</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">5. 测试函数</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-1-%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E5%AE%8F%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89"><span class="nav-text">5.1 相关宏和变量定义</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-2-%E8%AF%BB%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">5.2 读数据测试函数</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-3-%E5%86%99%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">5.3 写数据测试函数</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-4-%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="nav-text">5.4 测试函数</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#6-%E8%B8%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%AA%E5%9D%91"><span class="nav-text">6. 踩的几个坑</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#6-1-%E6%97%B6%E9%92%9F%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98"><span class="nav-text">6.1 时钟问题</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#5-2-%E6%93%A6%E9%99%A4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98"><span class="nav-text">5.2 擦除问题</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>
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          LV16-21-SDIO-03-读写SD卡实例
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <ul><li>通用</li></ul><table><tr><td align="center">分类  </td><td align="center">网址</td><td align="center">说明</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4">官方网站</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.arm.com/" target="_blank">https://www.arm.com/</a></td><td align="left">ARM官方网站，在这里我们可以找到Cotex-Mx以及ARMVx的一些文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/zh.html" target="_blank">https://www.st.com/content/st_com/zh.html</a></td><td align="left">ST官方网站，在这里我们可以找到STM32的相关文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.stmcu.com.cn/</a></td><td align="left">意法半导体ST中文官方网站，在这里我们可以找到STM32的相关中文参考文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html" target="_blank">http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html</a></td><td align="left">FatFs文件系统官网</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="3">教程书籍</td><td align="left"><a href="STM32开发相关资料/01ARM参考资料/ARM Cortex-M3权威指南(中文).pdf" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M3权威指南》</a></td><td alirn="left" rowspan="3">ARM公司专家Joseph Yiu（姚文祥）的力作，中文翻译是NXP的宋岩</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="STM32开发相关资料/01ARM参考资料/ARM Cortex-M0权威指南(中文).pdf" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M0权威指南》</a></td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">《ARM Cortex-M3与Cortex-M4权威指南》</a></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4">开发论坛</td><td align="left"><a href="http://47.111.11.73/forum.php" target="_blank">http://47.111.11.73/forum.php</a></td><td align="left">开源电子网，正点原子的资料下载及问题讨论论坛</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.firebbs.cn/forum.php" target="_blank">https://www.firebbs.cn/forum.php</a></td><td align="left">国内Kinetis开发板-野火/秉火（刘火良）主持的论坛，现也做STM32和i.MX RT</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://www.amobbs.com/index.php" target="_blank">https://www.amobbs.com/index.php</a></td><td align="left">阿莫（莫进明）主持的论坛，号称国内最早最火的电子论坛，以交流Atmel AVR系列单片机起家，现已拓展到嵌入式全平台，其STM32系列帖子有70W+。</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://download.100ask.net/index.html" target="_blank">http://download.100ask.net/index.html</a></td><td align="left">韦东山嵌入式资料中心，有些STM32和linux的相关资料也可以来这里找。</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="3">博客参考</td><td align="left"><a href="http://www.openedv.com/" target="_blank">http://www.openedv.com/</a></td><td align="left">开源网-原子哥个人博客</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="http://blog.chinaaet.com/jihceng0622" target="_blank">http://blog.chinaaet.com/jihceng0622</a></td><td align="left">博主是原Freescale现NXP的现场应用工程师</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architectures-and-processors-blog/posts/cortex-m-resources" target="_blank">cortex-m-resources</a></td><td align="left">这其实并不算是一个博客，这是ARM公司专家Joseph Yiu收集整理的所有对开发者有用的官方Cortex-M资料链接（也包含极少数外部资源链接）</td></tr></table><ul><li>STM32</li></ul><table>    <tr><td align="center" rowspan="2">STM32</td><td align="left"><a href="https://doc.embedfire.com/mcu/stm32/f103/hal_general/zh/latest/index.html" target="_blank">STM32 HAL库开发实战指南——基于F103系列开发板</a></td><td align="left">野火STM32开发教程在线文档</td></tr><tr>                                            <td align="left"><a href="https://doc.embedfire.com/mcu/stm32/f103badao/std/zh/latest/index.html" target="_blank">STM32库开发实战指南——基于野火霸道开发板</a></td><td align="left">野火STM32开发教程在线文档</td></tr></table><ul><li>SD卡</li></ul><table>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/" target="_blank">SD Association</a></td><td align="left">提供了SD存储卡和SDIO卡系统规范</td></tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看相关文件下载 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32f103ze.pdf" target="_blank">STM32F103xx英文数据手册</a></td><td align="left">STM32F103xC/D/E系列的英文数据手册</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/Designresource/detail/localization_document%20/709978" target="_blank">STM32F103xx中文数据手册</a></td><td align="left">STM32F103xC/D/E系列的中文数据手册</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/reference_manual/rm0008-stm32f101xx-stm32f102xx-stm32f103xx-stm32f105xx-and-stm32f107xx-advanced-armbased-32bit-mcus-stmicroelectronics.pdf" target="_blank">STM32F10xxx英文参考手册（RM0008）</a></td><td align="left">STM32F10xxx系列的英文参考手册</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.stmcu.com.cn/Designresource/detail/localization_document%20/710001" target="_blank">STM32F10xxx中文参考手册（RM0008）</a></td><td align="left">STM32F10xxx系列的中文参考手册</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://developer.arm.com/documentation/100165/0201/?lang=en" target="_blank">Arm Cortex-M3 处理器技术参考手册-英文版</a></td><td align="left">Cortex-M3技术参考手册-英文版</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.st.com/resource/en/programming_manual/pm0056-stm32f10xxx20xxx21xxxl1xxxx-cortexm3-programming-manual-stmicroelectronics.pdf" target="_blank">STM32F10xxx Cortex-M3编程手册-英文版(PM0056)</a></td><td align="left">STM32F10xxx/20xxx/21xxx/L1xxxx系列Cortex-M3编程手册-英文版</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/" target="_blank">SD卡相关资料——最新版本</a></td><td align="left">有关SD卡的一些资料可以从这里下载</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/archives/" target="_blank">SD卡相关资料——历史版本</a></td><td align="left">有关SD卡的一些历史版本资料可以从这里下载，比如后边看的SD卡2.0协议</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left"><a href="./" target="_blank">SD 2.0 协议标准完整版</a></td><td align="left">这是一篇关于SD卡2.0协议的中文文档，还是比较有参考价值的，可以一看</td></tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="一、硬件设计"><a href="#一、硬件设计" class="headerlink" title="一、硬件设计"></a><font size=3>一、硬件设计</font></h1><p>我使用的是正点原子战舰V3的开发板，硬件连接如下图：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512193905411.png" alt="image-20230512193905411" style="zoom:50%;" />

<h1 id="二、STM32CubeMX配置"><a href="#二、STM32CubeMX配置" class="headerlink" title="二、STM32CubeMX配置"></a><font size=3>二、STM32CubeMX配置</font></h1><p>像LED、按键和串口的配置这里就不再赘述，这里只写SDIO相关配置。注意，这一部分中的中断和DMA相关配置是作为笔记写在这里，后边的测试函数并没有使用DMA以及中断相关的内容，都是使用的查询方式，当使用查询方式，但是又开启了DMA以及相关中断的时候，数据读写可能会失败，这里需要注意。</p>
<h2 id="1-SDIO参数配置"><a href="#1-SDIO参数配置" class="headerlink" title="1. SDIO参数配置"></a><font size=3>1. SDIO参数配置</font></h2><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512195221327.png" alt="image-20230512195221327" style="zoom:50%;" />

<p>①、选择SDIO外设；</p>
<p>②、选择模式，这里选择SD 4 bits Wire bus；</p>
<p>③、Clock transition on which the bit capture is made： Rising transition。主时钟 SDIOCLK 产生 CLK 引脚时钟有效沿选择，可选上升沿或下降沿，它设定 SDIO 时钟控制寄存器(SDIO_CLKCR)的 NEGEDGE 位的值，一般选择设置为上升沿。</p>
<p>④、SDIO Clock divider bypass： Disable。时钟分频旁路使用，可选使能或禁用，它设定 SDIO_CLKCR 寄存器的 BYPASS 位。如果使能旁路，SDIOCLK 直接驱动 CLK 线输出时钟；如果禁用，使用 SDIO_CLKCR 寄存器的 CLKDIV 位值分频 SDIOCLK，然后输出到 CLK 线。一般选择禁用时钟分频旁路。</p>
<p>⑤、SDIO Clock output enable when the bus is idle： Disable the power save for the clock。节能模式选择，可选使能或禁用，它设定 SDIO_CLKCR 寄存器的 PWRSAV 位的值。如果使能节能模式，CLK 线只有在总线激活时才有时钟输出；如果禁用节能模式，始终使能 CLK 线输出时钟。</p>
<p>⑥、SDIO hardware flow control： The hardware control flow is disabled。硬件流控制选择，可选使能或禁用，它设定 SDIO_CLKCR 寄存器的 HWFC_EN 位的值。硬件流控制功能可以避免 FIFO 发送上溢和下溢错误。</p>
<p>⑦、SDIOCLK clock divide factor： 1。时钟分频系数，它设定 SDIO_CLKCR 寄存器的 CLKDIV 位的值，设置 SDIOCLK 与 CLK 线输出时钟分频系数</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CLK 线时钟频率=SDIOCLK/([CLKDIV+<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>SDIO_CK 引脚的时钟信号在卡识别模式时要求不超过 400KHz，而在识别后的数据传输模式时则希望有更高的速度（最大不超过 25MHz），所以会针对这两种模式配置 SDIOCLK 的时钟。这里暂时将SDIOCLK clock divede factor 参数选择为 1，SDIOCLK为72MHz，可以得到最大频率24MHz，但还是要注意，我们使用的SD卡支不支持这么高的一个频率，所以还是要以实际情况而定。</p>
<h2 id="2-DMA配置"><a href="#2-DMA配置" class="headerlink" title="2. DMA配置"></a><font size=3>2. DMA配置</font></h2><p>SDIO 外设支持生成 DMA 请求，使用 DMA 传输可以提高数据传输效率，因此在 SDIO 的控制代码中，可以把它设置为 DMA 传输模式或轮询模式，ST 标准库提供 SDIO 示例中针对这两个模式做了区分处理。应用中一般都使用DMA 传输模式。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512195853431.png" alt="image-20230512195853431" style="zoom:50%;" />



<p>①、选择SDIO外设；</p>
<p>②、选择DMA Settings；</p>
<p>③、添加一个DMA请求，选择我们开启的SDIO；</p>
<p>④、Direction：数据传输的方向，这里是外设到内存；</p>
<p>⑤、Priority：当发生多个 DMA 通道请求时，就意味着有先后响应处理的顺序问题，这个就由仲裁器也管理。仲裁器管理 DMA 通道请求分为两个阶段。第一阶段属于软件阶段，可以在 DMA_CCRx 寄存器中设置，有 4 个等级：非常高、高、中和低四个优先级。第二阶段属于硬件阶段，如果两个或以上的 DMA 通道请求设置的优先级一样，则他们优先级取决于通 道编号，编号越低优先权越高，比如通道 0 高于通道 1。在大容量产品和互联型产品中，DMA1 控制器拥有高于 DMA2 控制器的优先级。</p>
<p>⑥、Mode：Normal，表示单次传输，传输一次后终止传输。Circular，表示循环传输，传输完成后又重新开始继续传输，不断循环永不停止。</p>
<p>⑦、Increment Address：Peripheral，表示外设地址自增。Memory，表示内存地址自增。</p>
<p>⑧、Data Width： Byte，一个字节。 Half Word，半个字，等于两字节。 Word，一个字，等于四字节。</p>
<h2 id="3-NVIC配置"><a href="#3-NVIC配置" class="headerlink" title="3. NVIC配置"></a><font size=3>3. NVIC配置</font></h2><p>DMA及SDIO中断这里也进行配置，原则是全局中断优先级高于DMA中断：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512200341947.png" alt="image-20230512200341947" style="zoom:50%;" />

<h2 id="4-我的时钟树"><a href="#4-我的时钟树" class="headerlink" title="4. 我的时钟树"></a><font size=3>4. 我的时钟树</font></h2><p>我的时钟树配置如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512200530597.png" alt="image-20230512200530597" style="zoom: 50%;" />

<h1 id="三、读写SD卡"><a href="#三、读写SD卡" class="headerlink" title="三、读写SD卡"></a><font size=3>三、读写SD卡</font></h1><p>STM32CubeMX创建的工程会直接帮我们完成一些流程，比如SD卡初始化，读写等。我们其实也可以通过HAL固件库中的例程来学习，例如HAL库和标准库的相关sample路径如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512215827133.png" alt="image-20230512215827133" style="zoom: 50%;" />



<h2 id="1-SD卡初始化"><a href="#1-SD卡初始化" class="headerlink" title="1. SD卡初始化"></a><font size=3>1. SD卡初始化</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-初始化流程"><a href="#1-1-初始化流程" class="headerlink" title="1.1 初始化流程"></a><font size=3>1.1 初始化流程</font></h3><img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV16-STM32%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/LV16-21-SDIO-03-%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99SD%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B/img/image-20230512220142891.png" alt="image-20230512220142891" style="zoom:50%;" />

<h3 id="1-2-初始化函数"><a href="#1-2-初始化函数" class="headerlink" title="1.2 初始化函数"></a><font size=3>1.2 初始化函数</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">MX_SDIO_SD_Init</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Instance = SDIO;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.ClockEdge = SDIO_CLOCK_EDGE_RISING;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.ClockBypass = SDIO_CLOCK_BYPASS_DISABLE;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.ClockPowerSave = SDIO_CLOCK_POWER_SAVE_DISABLE;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.BusWide = SDIO_BUS_WIDE_1B;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.HardwareFlowControl = SDIO_HARDWARE_FLOW_CONTROL_ENABLE;</span><br><span class="line">  hsd.Init.ClockDiv = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (HAL_SD_Init(&amp;hsd) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Error_Handler();</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (HAL_SD_ConfigWideBusOperation(&amp;hsd, SDIO_BUS_WIDE_4B) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Error_Handler();</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这里就不往里边深究了，这里有一个坑，需要注意：</p>
<p>（1） BusWide 我们通过STM32CubeMX配置的工程，在开启SDIO的时候选择的 SD 4 bits Wide bus，SDIOCLK clock divide factor选择0的话（此时最高频率为36M了），我们生成的代码为：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 中间部分省略......</span></span><br><span class="line">hsd.Init.BusWide = SDIO_BUS_WIDE_4B;<span class="comment">//这里需要设置成1位</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 中间部分省略......</span></span><br><span class="line">hsd.Init.ClockDiv = <span class="number">0</span>;<span class="comment">// 这里至少需要是1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 中间部分省略......</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (HAL_SD_ConfigWideBusOperation(&amp;hsd, SDIO_BUS_WIDE_4B) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Error_Handler();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这种情况下，直接卡死在初始化函数中，无法运行。其实就 SDIOCLK clock divide factor 一点就把这个代码干掉了，因为选择0的话，分频出来就是72&#x2F;2&#x3D;36M，我们使用的卡并不支持这么高频率，所以这里最小要设置为1，但是即便改为1，程序也是无法运行的，依然卡死。这是因为BusWide宽度为4，其实我并没有找到手册中说明在初始化阶段的时候总线宽度必须为1位，但是网上的资料都是1位，而STM32CubeMX软件生成的，这里就被配置成4位，我们改为1位的话，程序就可以正常跑，具体哪里有要求的话，后边发现了再补充。</p>
<p>（2）SDIO的时候选择的 SD 1 bit ，SDIOCLK clock divide factor选择 1 的话，默认生成的代码如下</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 中间部分省略......</span></span><br><span class="line">hsd.Init.BusWide = SDIO_BUS_WIDE_1B;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 中间部分省略......</span></span><br><span class="line">hsd.Init.ClockDiv = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (HAL_SD_Init(&amp;hsd) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Error_Handler();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样是没有问题的，程序可以正常执行，后边若是不设置 4 位的话，无非就是传输的慢一些。</p>
<h3 id="1-3-GPIO配置"><a href="#1-3-GPIO配置" class="headerlink" title="1.3 GPIO配置"></a><font size=3>1.3 GPIO配置</font></h3><p>对于SDIO的引脚的配置在函数 HAL_SD_MspInit 中：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**SDIO GPIO Configuration</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    PC8     ------&gt; SDIO_D0 PC9     ------&gt; SDIO_D1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    PC10    ------&gt; SDIO_D2 PC11    ------&gt; SDIO_D3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    PC12    ------&gt; SDIO_CK PD2     ------&gt; SDIO_CMD</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 开启对应外设的时钟</span></span><br><span class="line">__HAL_RCC_SDIO_CLK_ENABLE();</span><br><span class="line">__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();</span><br><span class="line">__HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 引脚配置</span></span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8|GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12;</span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;</span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;</span><br><span class="line">HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &amp;GPIO_InitStruct);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;</span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;</span><br><span class="line">GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;</span><br><span class="line">HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &amp;GPIO_InitStruct);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-4-DMA配置"><a href="#1-4-DMA配置" class="headerlink" title="1.4 DMA配置"></a><font size=3>1.4 DMA配置</font></h3><p>我们在配置工程的时候是选择了DMA传输的，DMA的相关配置也在函数 HAL_SD_MspInit 中：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* SDIO DMA Init */</span></span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Instance = DMA2_Channel4;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_WORD;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_WORD;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;</span><br><span class="line">hdma_sdio.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (HAL_DMA_Init(&amp;hdma_sdio) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Error_Handler();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* Several peripheral DMA handle pointers point to the same DMA handle.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     Be aware that there is only one channel to perform all the requested DMAs. */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* Be sure to change transfer direction before calling</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     HAL_SD_ReadBlocks_DMA or HAL_SD_WriteBlocks_DMA. */</span></span><br><span class="line">__HAL_LINKDMA(sdHandle,hdmarx,hdma_sdio);</span><br><span class="line">__HAL_LINKDMA(sdHandle,hdmatx,hdma_sdio);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>每一行什么意思，可以看前边DMA传输的笔记，这里就不再赘述了。</p>
<h3 id="1-5-NVIC配置"><a href="#1-5-NVIC配置" class="headerlink" title="1.5 NVIC配置"></a><font size=3>1.5 NVIC配置</font></h3><p>NVIC的配置也写在函数 HAL_SD_MspInit 中了：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SDIO_IRQn, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(SDIO_IRQn);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这里我们看到主要是配置了SDIO的中。那DMA的中断去哪了？在哪设置的？我们前边也开了啊。在这里：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">MX_DMA_Init</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">/* DMA controller clock enable */</span></span><br><span class="line">  __HAL_RCC_DMA2_CLK_ENABLE();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">/* DMA interrupt init */</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">/* DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQn interrupt configuration */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQn, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">  HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQn);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>DMA的初始化中，开启了DMA的时钟和中断，在SD卡初始化的时候是对DMA做了配置，在SD卡初始化流程前已经做了DMA的初始化啦。</p>
<h2 id="2-获取SD卡状态"><a href="#2-获取SD卡状态" class="headerlink" title="2. 获取SD卡状态"></a><font size=3>2. 获取SD卡状态</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-HAL库函数获取SD卡状态"><a href="#2-1-HAL库函数获取SD卡状态" class="headerlink" title="2.1 HAL库函数获取SD卡状态"></a><font size=3>2.1 HAL库函数获取SD卡状态</font></h3><p>初始化结束后，我们可以判断一下SD卡是否处于数据传输的状态：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_SD_CardStateTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_GetCardState</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CardStateTypeDef cardstate =  HAL_SD_CARD_TRANSFER;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">uint32_t</span> errorstate = HAL_SD_ERROR_NONE;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="type">uint32_t</span> resp1 = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">  </span><br><span class="line">  errorstate = SD_SendStatus(hsd, &amp;resp1);</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span>(errorstate != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    hsd-&gt;ErrorCode |= errorstate;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  cardstate = (HAL_SD_CardStateTypeDef)((resp1 &gt;&gt; <span class="number">9U</span>) &amp; <span class="number">0x0F</span>U);</span><br><span class="line">  </span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> cardstate;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>SD卡的状态定义如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">enum</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_READY                  = <span class="number">0x00000001</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card state is ready                     */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_IDENTIFICATION         = <span class="number">0x00000002</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is in identification state         */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_STANDBY                = <span class="number">0x00000003</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is in standby state                */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_TRANSFER               = <span class="number">0x00000004</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is in transfer state               */</span>  </span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_SENDING                = <span class="number">0x00000005</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is sending an operation            */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_RECEIVING              = <span class="number">0x00000006</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is receiving operation information */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_PROGRAMMING            = <span class="number">0x00000007</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is in programming state            */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_DISCONNECTED           = <span class="number">0x00000008</span>U,  <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card is disconnected                    */</span></span><br><span class="line">  HAL_SD_CARD_ERROR                  = <span class="number">0x000000FF</span>U   <span class="comment">/*!&lt; Card response Error                     */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;HAL_SD_CardStateTypeDef;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-2-我们自己封装一个"><a href="#2-2-我们自己封装一个" class="headerlink" title="2.2 我们自己封装一个"></a><font size=3>2.2 我们自己封装一个</font></h3><p>有时候我们其实并不需要这么多状态，我们可以封装一层，用与读写SD卡。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 需要定义两个宏</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> SD_TRANSFER_OK     	((uint8_t)0x00)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> SD_TRANSFER_BUSY   	((uint8_t)0x01) </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//判断SD卡是否可以传输(读写)数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//返回值:SD_TRANSFER_OK   传输完成，可以继续下一次传输</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//		SD_TRANSFER_BUSY SD卡正忙，不可以进行下一次传输</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">uint8_t</span> <span class="title function_">SD_GetCardState</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span>((HAL_SD_GetCardState(&amp;hsd)==HAL_SD_CARD_TRANSFER )?SD_TRANSFER_OK:SD_TRANSFER_BUSY);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="3-显示SD卡信息"><a href="#3-显示SD卡信息" class="headerlink" title="3. 显示SD卡信息"></a><font size=3>3. 显示SD卡信息</font></h2><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//通过串口打印SD卡相关信息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">show_sdcard_info</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint64_t</span> CardCap;	<span class="comment">//SD卡容量</span></span><br><span class="line">	HAL_SD_CardCIDTypeDef SDCard_CID;</span><br><span class="line">	HAL_SD_CardInfoTypeDef  SDCardInfo;     <span class="comment">//SD卡信息结构体</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 检测SD卡是否正常（处于数据传输模式的传输状态） */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(HAL_SD_GetCardState(&amp;hsd) != HAL_SD_CARD_TRANSFER)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;SD card init fail!\r\n&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Initialize SD card successfully!\r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	HAL_SD_GetCardCID(&amp;hsd, &amp;SDCard_CID);	<span class="comment">//获取CID</span></span><br><span class="line">	HAL_SD_GetCardInfo(&amp;hsd, &amp;SDCardInfo);  <span class="comment">//获取SD卡信息</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">switch</span>(SDCardInfo.CardType)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">case</span> CARD_SDSC:</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(SDCardInfo.CardVersion == CARD_V1_X)</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card Type          :SDSC V1 \r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span>(SDCardInfo.CardVersion == CARD_V2_X)</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card Type          :SDSC V2 \r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">case</span> CARD_SDHC_SDXC:</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card Type          :SDHC \r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;	</span><br><span class="line">	CardCap=(<span class="type">uint64_t</span>)(SDCardInfo.LogBlockNbr)*(<span class="type">uint64_t</span>)(SDCardInfo.LogBlockSize);	<span class="comment">//计算SD卡容量</span></span><br><span class="line">  	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card ManufacturerID:%d \r\n&quot;</span>,SDCard_CID.ManufacturerID);				<span class="comment">//制造商ID</span></span><br><span class="line"> 	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card RCA           :%d \r\n&quot;</span>,SDCardInfo.RelCardAdd);					<span class="comment">//卡相对地址</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;LogBlockNbr        :%d \r\n&quot;</span>,(<span class="type">uint32_t</span>)(SDCardInfo.LogBlockNbr));		<span class="comment">//显示逻辑块数量</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;LogBlockSize       :%d \r\n&quot;</span>,(<span class="type">uint32_t</span>)(SDCardInfo.LogBlockSize));		<span class="comment">//显示逻辑块大小</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card Capacity      :%d MB\r\n&quot;</span>,(<span class="type">uint32_t</span>)(CardCap&gt;&gt;<span class="number">20</span>));				<span class="comment">//显示容量</span></span><br><span class="line"> 	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Card BlockSize     :%d \r\n\r\n&quot;</span>,SDCardInfo.BlockSize);					<span class="comment">//显示块大小</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="4-数据操作"><a href="#4-数据操作" class="headerlink" title="4. 数据操作"></a><font size=3>4. 数据操作</font></h2><p>SD 卡数据操作一般包括数据读取、数据写入以及存储区擦除。数据读取和写入都可以分为单块操作和多块操作。  </p>
<h3 id="4-1-擦除函数"><a href="#4-1-擦除函数" class="headerlink" title="4.1 擦除函数"></a><font size=3>4.1 擦除函数</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @brief  Erases the specified memory area of the given SD card.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @note   This API should be followed by a check on the card state through</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  *         HAL_SD_GetCardState().</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @param  hsd: Pointer to SD handle</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @param  BlockStartAdd: Start Block address</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @param  BlockEndAdd: End Block address</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  * @retval HAL status</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  */</span></span><br><span class="line">HAL_StatusTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_Erase</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockStartAdd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockEndAdd)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>函数比较长，这里就不全贴了，额，看了一下，我对寄存器也不是很熟，这个里边有一些没搞懂，知道这有个函数，知道怎么用就算了，后边有必要相惜学习的话，再补充。</p>
<h3 id="4-2-开关中断函数"><a href="#4-2-开关中断函数" class="headerlink" title="4.2 开关中断函数"></a><font size=3>4.2 开关中断函数</font></h3><p>后边我们读写的时候，若是采取查询方式，需要关闭总中断，读写完成后再打开。</p>
<ul>
<li>开关中断定义</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//关闭所有中断</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">INTX_DISABLE</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;		  </span><br><span class="line">	__ASM <span class="title function_">volatile</span><span class="params">(<span class="string">&quot;cpsid i&quot;</span>)</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//开启所有中断</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">INTX_ENABLE</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	__ASM <span class="title function_">volatile</span><span class="params">(<span class="string">&quot;cpsie i&quot;</span>)</span>;		  </span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>超时时间的宏</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> SD_TIMEOUT 			((uint32_t)100000000)  	<span class="comment">//超时时间</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="4-3-数据写入操作"><a href="#4-3-数据写入操作" class="headerlink" title="4.3 数据写入操作"></a><font size=3>4.3 数据写入操作</font></h3><p>数据写入可分为单块数据写入和多块数据写入，这里只分析单块数据写入，多块的与之类似。 SD卡数据写入之前并没有硬性要求擦除写入块，这与 SPI Flash 芯片写入是不同的。 ST 官方的 SD卡写入函数包括扫描查询方式和 DMA 传输方式，都有分别对应的函数，这里先用查询方式。  </p>
<h4 id="4-3-1-查询方式"><a href="#4-3-1-查询方式" class="headerlink" title="4.3.1 查询方式"></a><font size=3>4.3.1 查询方式</font></h4><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_StatusTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_WriteBlocks</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd, <span class="type">uint8_t</span> *pData, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockAdd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> NumberOfBlocks, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> Timeout)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我们来写一个写入数据的函数：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">uint8_t</span> <span class="title function_">SD_WriteDisk</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">uint8_t</span> *buf, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> sector, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> cnt)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;   </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">uint8_t</span> sta=HAL_OK;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint32_t</span> timeout=SD_TIMEOUT;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> lsector=sector;</span><br><span class="line">    INTX_DISABLE();<span class="comment">//关闭总中断(POLLING模式,严禁中断打断SDIO读写操作!!!)</span></span><br><span class="line">	sta=HAL_SD_WriteBlocks(&amp;hsd,(<span class="type">uint8_t</span>*)buf,lsector,cnt,SD_TIMEOUT);<span class="comment">//多个sector的写操作</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//等待SD卡写完</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(HAL_SD_GetCardState(&amp;hsd) != HAL_SD_CARD_TRANSFER)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(timeout-- == <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;	</span><br><span class="line">			sta=SD_TRANSFER_BUSY;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;    </span><br><span class="line">	INTX_ENABLE();<span class="comment">//开启总中断</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> sta;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="4-3-2-DMA方式"><a href="#4-3-2-DMA方式" class="headerlink" title="4.3.2 DMA方式"></a><font size=3>4.3.2 DMA方式</font></h4><p>注意：STM32F103的SDIO DMA每次由读数据变为写数据或者由写数据变为读数据时，都需要重新初始化DMA（主要是为了更改数据传输的方向）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_StatusTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_WriteBlocks_DMA</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd, <span class="type">uint8_t</span> *pData, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockAdd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> NumberOfBlocks)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我们这个就可以参考HAL库文件中给我们提供的参考例程啦，参考文件路径如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">STM32Cube_FW_F1_V1<span class="number">.8</span><span class="number">.0</span>/Drivers/BSP/STM3210E_EVAL/stm3210e_eval_sd.c</span><br><span class="line">STM32Cube_FW_F1_V1<span class="number">.8</span><span class="number">.0</span>/Drivers/BSP/STM3210E_EVAL/stm3210e_eval_sd.h</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这个还需要移植，暂时先搁置，后边有需要再补充。</p>
<h3 id="4-4-数据读取操作"><a href="#4-4-数据读取操作" class="headerlink" title="4.4 数据读取操作"></a><font size=3>4.4 数据读取操作</font></h3><p>同向 SD 卡写入数据类似，从 SD 卡读取数据可分为单块读取和多块读取。 </p>
<h4 id="4-4-1-查询方式"><a href="#4-4-1-查询方式" class="headerlink" title="4.4.1 查询方式"></a><font size=3>4.4.1 查询方式</font></h4><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_StatusTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_ReadBlocks</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd, <span class="type">uint8_t</span> *pData, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockAdd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> NumberOfBlocks, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> Timeout)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我们封装一下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">uint8_t</span> <span class="title function_">SD_ReadDisk</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">uint8_t</span>* buf,<span class="type">uint32_t</span> sector,<span class="type">uint32_t</span> cnt)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">uint8_t</span> sta=HAL_OK;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint32_t</span> timeout=SD_TIMEOUT;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">long</span> <span class="type">long</span> lsector=sector;</span><br><span class="line">    INTX_DISABLE();<span class="comment">//关闭总中断(POLLING模式,严禁中断打断SDIO读写操作!!!)</span></span><br><span class="line">	sta=HAL_SD_ReadBlocks(&amp;hsd, (<span class="type">uint8_t</span>*)buf,lsector,cnt,SD_TIMEOUT);<span class="comment">//多个sector的读操作</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">//等待SD卡读完</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(SD_GetCardState()!=SD_TRANSFER_OK)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(timeout-- == <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;	</span><br><span class="line">			sta=SD_TRANSFER_BUSY;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    INTX_ENABLE();<span class="comment">//开启总中断</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> sta;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="4-4-2-DMA方式"><a href="#4-4-2-DMA方式" class="headerlink" title="4.4.2 DMA方式"></a><font size=3>4.4.2 DMA方式</font></h4><p>注意：STM32F103的SDIO DMA每次由读数据变为写数据或者由写数据变为读数据时，都需要重新初始化DMA（主要是为了更改数据传输的方向）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HAL_StatusTypeDef <span class="title function_">HAL_SD_ReadeBlocks_DMA</span><span class="params">(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd, <span class="type">uint8_t</span> *pData, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> BlockAdd, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> NumberOfBlocks)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我们这个就可以参考HAL库文件中给我们提供的参考例程啦，参考文件路径如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">STM32Cube_FW_F1_V1<span class="number">.8</span><span class="number">.0</span>/Drivers/BSP/STM3210E_EVAL/stm3210e_eval_sd.c</span><br><span class="line">STM32Cube_FW_F1_V1<span class="number">.8</span><span class="number">.0</span>/Drivers/BSP/STM3210E_EVAL/stm3210e_eval_sd.h</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这个还需要移植，暂时先搁置，后边有需要再补充。</p>
<h2 id="5-测试函数"><a href="#5-测试函数" class="headerlink" title="5. 测试函数"></a><font size=3>5. 测试函数</font></h2><p>注意：由于上边我开启了SDIO中断和DMA中断，但是最后却又使用了查询的方式去读写数据，所以会出现读写失败的情况，当我关掉SDIO中断和DMA中断后，恢复正常。</p>
<h3 id="5-1-相关宏和变量定义"><a href="#5-1-相关宏和变量定义" class="headerlink" title="5.1 相关宏和变量定义"></a><font size=3>5.1 相关宏和变量定义</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BLOCK_START_ADDR         0     <span class="comment">/* Block start address      */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> NUM_OF_BLOCKS            5   <span class="comment">/* Total number of blocks   */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> BUFFER_WORDS_SIZE        ((BLOCKSIZE * NUM_OF_BLOCKS) &gt;&gt; 2) <span class="comment">/* Total data size in bytes */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">uint32_t</span> aTxBuffer[BUFFER_WORDS_SIZE];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">uint32_t</span> aRxBuffer[BUFFER_WORDS_SIZE];</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="5-2-读数据测试函数"><a href="#5-2-读数据测试函数" class="headerlink" title="5.2 读数据测试函数"></a><font size=3>5.2 读数据测试函数</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//测试SD卡的读取，从secaddr地址开始,读取seccnt个扇区的数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//secaddr:扇区地址</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//seccnt :扇区数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">sd_test_read</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">uint32_t</span> secaddr, <span class="type">uint32_t</span> seccnt)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint32_t</span> i; </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint8_t</span> sta = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	sta=SD_ReadDisk(aRxBuffer, secaddr, seccnt);<span class="comment">//读取secaddr扇区开始的内容</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sta==<span class="number">0</span>)						</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;	 </span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;SECTOR %d DATA:\r\n&quot;</span>, secaddr);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span>(i=<span class="number">0</span>;i&lt;seccnt*<span class="number">512</span>;i++)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%#x &quot;</span>, aRxBuffer[i]);<span class="comment">//打印secaddr开始的扇区数据    	   </span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;\r\nDATA ENDED\r\n&quot;</span>); </span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span> </span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;read rest err:%d\r\n&quot;</span>,sta);   </span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="5-3-写数据测试函数"><a href="#5-3-写数据测试函数" class="headerlink" title="5.3 写数据测试函数"></a><font size=3>5.3 写数据测试函数</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//测试SD卡的写入(慎用,最好写全是0XFF的扇区,否则可能损坏SD卡.)，从secaddr地址开始,写入seccnt个扇区的数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//secaddr:扇区地址</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//seccnt:扇区数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">sd_test_write</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">uint32_t</span> secaddr,<span class="type">uint32_t</span> seccnt)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint32_t</span> i;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">uint8_t</span> sta=<span class="number">0</span>; </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i=<span class="number">0</span>;i&lt;seccnt*<span class="number">512</span>;i++) </span><br><span class="line">		aTxBuffer[i]=i*<span class="number">3</span>; 	<span class="comment">//初始化写入的数据,是3的倍数.</span></span><br><span class="line">	sta=SD_WriteDisk(aTxBuffer, secaddr, seccnt);	<span class="comment">//从secaddr扇区开始写入seccnt个扇区内容</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sta==<span class="number">0</span>) </span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Write over!\r\n&quot;</span>);		  </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span> </span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;write test err:%d\r\n&quot;</span>,sta);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="5-4-测试函数"><a href="#5-4-测试函数" class="headerlink" title="5.4 测试函数"></a><font size=3>5.4 测试函数</font></h3><figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">SD_Test</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">if</span> 0</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(HAL_SD_Erase(&amp;hsd, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">512</span>) != HAL_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;HAL_SD_Erase failed!!!\r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;HAL_SD_Erase success!!!\r\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">endif</span></span></span><br><span class="line">	sd_test_write(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	sd_test_read(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="6-踩的几个坑"><a href="#6-踩的几个坑" class="headerlink" title="6. 踩的几个坑"></a><font size=3>6. 踩的几个坑</font></h2><h3 id="6-1-时钟问题"><a href="#6-1-时钟问题" class="headerlink" title="6.1 时钟问题"></a><font size=3>6.1 时钟问题</font></h3><p>初始化的时候，时钟分频设置为1，发现写入总是失败，后来加大，改为4正常，这说明我使用的SD卡并不支持24Mz，，所以有的时候若是写入总是失败的话，可以考虑降低SDIO时钟。</p>
<h3 id="5-2-擦除问题"><a href="#5-2-擦除问题" class="headerlink" title="5.2 擦除问题"></a><font size=3>5.2 擦除问题</font></h3><p>很奇怪，我擦除后直接写入的话，写不进去，写入操作是失败的，但是擦除是成功的，而且读取擦除的扇区的数据为全0，当关闭擦除部分代码的时候，重新烧写，是可以重新写入成功的，其实有些SD卡是不需要擦除的，因为SD卡内部控制器会帮我们做这件事，等后边找到详细说明了再补充。</p>

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